Elastic-fluid turbine.



No. '762,454l PATENTED JUNE'14', 1904.

J. C. STURGEON. ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7, 1904.

NO MODEL.

Wim Esse 5` Inventur May/@W @j )MM UNITED STATES Patented June 14, 1904.

JOHN C. STURGEON, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OE ONE-HALF TO ALBERTF. DOBLER, OE GIRARD, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELYASTlC-FLUID TURBINE.

SPECIFICATON forming part of Letters Patent N o 762,454, dated June 14,1904.

Application filed March '7, 1904. Serial No. 196,951. (No model.)

To all 11771/0717, 'it-may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN C. STURGEON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fl uid Turbine-Engines; and I do hereby Vdeclare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appeitains to make and use thesame, reference being had'to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, forming part of thisvspecification.

My invention ielates to elastic-fluid turbine-engines; and it consists,substantially, in the construction of an elastic-Huid tu rbine-engine,of a shell having a series of annular chambers therein, the innerannular walls of which are formed of two annular sections, one of whichis mounted and rotatable on the other. In the inner chamber-walls thereare steamjet openings adapted to discharge steam from the chambers atangles in opposition to each other and to radial lines through the axesof the annular chambers, which are hereinafter designated as diagonalsteam-jetopenings, through which .steam can be alternately dischargedfrom the chambers against rows of vanes on the periphery of a rotatablecylinder coinciding with the inner walls of the chambers in the shell.The steam-jet openings are preferably madeA in the outer annularsections in alternate rows of steam-jet openings, each alternate rowbeing adapted to alternately discharge the steam from the chamber atangles in opposition to each other, and in the inner sections there arerows of diagonal steam-jet openings adapted to alternately discharge thesteam at angles in opposition to each other, with which steam-jetopenings the rows of steam-jet openings in the outer section can bealternately brought into coincidence, so as to make continuous steam-jetopenings through both sections of the inner chamber-walls in onedirection or the other, through which steam can be alternatelydischarged from the chambers against the cylinder-vanes in one directionor the other, ae-

cording to the position occupied by the outer sections relatively to theinner sections of the inner cliamber-walls, which result is accom-`plished by the movement for a short distance of one `section of theinner chamber-walls upon the other, and thereby the direction 0f thedischarge of the steam from the chambers against the vanes on thecylinder changed from the right to the left of a longitudinal linethrough the engine, or vice versa, whereby the direction of the rotationof the cylinder actuated thereby can be reversed. The steam in operatingthis engine enters the first chamber and is discharged therefrom againstthe iirst row of vanes on the cylinder, from which it passes into thesecond chamber and is again discharged, as before, this operation of thesteam being consecutively repeated until it has passed into and out ofone chamber after the other and finally reaches the exhaust of theengine. l

In the construction of an elastic-fluid turbine-engine embodying myinvention I preferably make the shell of the engine in two longitudinalhalf-sections adapted to be secured together and provided with a seriesof removable chamber walls adapted to be se- -cured in the shell of theengine, so as to form a series of annular chambers therein open at theends thereof toward the steam-inlet end of the engine and closed attheir opposite or rear ends. These inner and rear end chamber-walls arepreferably made in semicireular sections, which when secured together attheir ends form complete annular end and inner walls therefor. The innerchamber-walls, however, I make of two-annular sections, one of which,preferably the outer one, is adapted to be rotated on the other. lnthese inner chamber wall-sections I make diagonal steam-jet openingsadaptedrto alternately discharge steam from the chambers at angles inopposition to each other, andi the steam-jet openings in one section areso located relatively to the steamjet openings in the other section thatsteam can only be discharged through the openings coincident with eachother in both sections in one direction at a time, the openings in theopposite direction being then eut ofi'. Vheii,

rotation of the cylinder driven thereby is reversed. I alsoprovidemechanism connected with the chamber inner wall-sections in eachchamber of the series, whereby the chamberi wall sections of all theseries of chambers can be simultaneously rotated to the right or left toreverse thedirec-tion ofthe steam discharge 'from all the chambers.

The :features of my invention are hereinafter fully set forth anddescribed, and illustrated in the accomimnying drawings, in which Figure'I shows a section of an elastic-Iluid turbine-engine, partially inelevation and. partially in section, embodying my invention; Fig. 2, aview, partially in elevation and partially in section, of one of thechamber inner walls. Fig. 53 shows a transverse section of the engine onthe line .r .1f in Fig. l. Fig. si shows another transverse section ofthe chamber inner walls. Fig. 5 shows an alternate construction of thechamber inner walls.

In the drawings illustrating my invention the shell of the engine ispreferably made in two half-sections A A, provided with longitudinalflanges a (if, adapted to be bolted to* gether by means of bolts afi andadapted to be secured to a base. (Not shown.) On the steam-inlet end ofthe shell there isa head B, provided with a steam-chamber B and asteam-inlet 7. In the shell A Al, I secure walls C (y, which form therear end and inner annular walls of a series of annular chambers I). Theinner walls Cl of these chambers I make of annular sections It and IC',as is clearly shown in all of the iigures, one of which sections,preferably the section IC, is adapted to be rotated upon the othersection, IC', as clearly shown in Figs. 3, I, 5. In the outer sectionIE, I preferably make two series of diagoi'ial steam-jet openings c ande, the openings ff being in one direction and the openings f/ in theother direction, and in the section IC, Imake diagonal steam-ietopenings e and c, the openings 1 being in the same direction as theopenings f in the section I), which openin w are so arranged thereinwith relation to the openings ff therein and to the openings i in thesection E that the rotation of one section, preferably Fi, upon thesection E will bring the openings e therein and i in the section IQ'into coincidence with eachother, as illustrated in Figs. and 3, and atthe same time cut oliA the openii'igs w and c in said sections, asillustrated in Fig. 2 and by full and dotted lines in Fig. 'I heopenings ff are also so arranged in the section IC with relation to theopenings f therein and to the openings in the section E that the furtherrotation of the section E or the rotation thereof in the oppositedirection will bring the openings e therein and the openings @3 in thesection IG into coincidence with each other, as illustrated in Fig. 3,and at the same time cut oli the openings w and c" in said sections, asillustrated by full and dotted lines in Fig. 4.

In Fig. 5 I show a modiiied construction of the chamber inner wall C',in which I make diagonal steam-jet openings e" and in the inner sectionE2 thereof in both directions, preferably staggered, as shown in fulland dotted lines in Fig. 5, and in the outer section IC thereof Ipreferably make openings e, whereby when the outer section IE is rotatedupon the inner section IC2 alternate ones of the openings e are broughtinto coincidence withcither the diagonal steam-jet openings rf" or e",as desired, whereby the direction of the discharge of steam from thechambers I) against the Yanes on the cylinder is reversed, as desired. Ican therefore use either type of construction herein described withsubstantially like results.

For rotating the sections Fi or E3, I preferably provide the sections Eor E3 with arms F, which extend upward into pockets G in theshell-section A, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, and connected witheach arm F there is a rod F', which extends out through astufling-box gand is provided with a rack f, engaging' a pinion H on a shaft I-I,mounted in bearings A2 on the shell-section A. 'I` he shaft I-I. ispreferably provided with a lever Hf", whereby all of the chamberwall-sections E or IC can be rotated in unison. For limiting themovel'nent of the sections E or Il upon the sections IE' F12, I haveprovided a slot f in the arm F, through which a stud f2 passes into theradial portion C of the sections E or Fj, this feature being clearlyshown in Figs.

3, 4, and

On a shaft I, I mount a rotatable cylinder I concentrically with theinner sections E' or Iiliof the inner chamber-walls C' of the annularchambers I), and on the periphery of the cylinder I', I provide a row ofvanes c', coinciding with and adjacent to each chamber inner wall C'. Itwill readily be seen that with the diagonal steam-jet openings a c incoincidence, as illustrated in Fig. 3, or e and e" in Fig. 5, the steamwill be discharged from the chambers I) against the cylinder-vanes 2',so as to rotate the cylinder Il in one direction, while with thediagonal steam-jet openings e e in coincidence, as illustrated inFiga-et, orc"I and ai in Fig'. 5, the steam will be discharged from thechambers D against the cylinder-vanos fr', so as to rotate the cylinderIl in the opposite or reverse direction.

I have shown a convenient construction of the chamber inner walls C' andarrangements of the diagonal steam-jet openingsin the sections thereofconvenient for utilizing my invention. I am aware, however, that thecon- IIO struction thereof and the arrangement of the steam-jet openingstherein may be considerably modified and varied Without departing fromthe spirit of my invention.

Therefore I do not confine myself to the particular constructionsthereof herein shown and described, as what I claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. In an elastic-fluid turbine-engine of substantially the characterdescribed, a chamber inner wall having diagonal steam-jet openingstherein in opposingdirections, and consisting substantially of twoannular sections one imposed and movable upon the ot-her, the steamjetopenings being so located in said sections that one section can be movedupon the other so as to open the steam-jet openings vin the chamberinner Wall in one direction or the other, and at the same time cut offthe steamjet openings therethrough in the opposite direction,substantially as set forth.

2. In an elastic-fluid turbine-engine of substantially the characterdescribed, the combination in a chamber inner Wall, of an annularsection secured in the engine-shell having diagonal steam-jet openingstherein at angles of' direction in opposition, and an annular sectionmounted on the fixed section having steam-jet openings therein andadapted to be moved on the fixed section so as to alternately open thediagonal steam-jet openings having one angle of direction in the fixedsection, and at the same time to cut offl the diagonal steamjet openingsof the opposite angle of direction therein, substantially as set forth.

3. In an elastic-fluid turbine-engine of substantially the characterdescribed, the combination in the chamber inner Walls of the engine, ofannular sections secured in the engine-shell having diagonal steam-jetopenings therein, the angles of direction of which are alternately inopposition, and annular chamber inner wall-sections mounted and movableupon the fixed chamber inner Wall sections having steam-jet openingstherein adapted to be moved on the fixed section so as to alternatelyopen the diagonal steam-jet openings having one angle of direction inthe fixed sections, and at the same time to cutoff the diagonalsteam-jet openings at the opposite angle of' direction therein,substantially as set forth.

Lt. In an elastic-Huid turbine-engine of substantially the characterdescribed, a chamber inner Wall having diagonal steam-jet openingstherein at angles of direction in opposition to each other, said wallsconsisting substantially of annular sections, one imposed and movableupon the other, the steam-jet openingsin which sections are sorelatively arranged, that the movement of one section thereof upon theother, operates to bring the steam-jet openings at one angle ofdirection in said sections, into coincidence, and at the same time cutoff the steam-jet openings at the opposite angle of direction in saidsections, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an elastic-fluid turbine-engine of substantially the characterdescribed, a series of chamber inner Walls having diagonal steamjetopenings therein at angles of direction alternately in opposition toeach other, said walls consisting substantially of annular sections, oneimposed and movable upon the other, the steam-jet openings in which areso relatively arranged, that the movement of one section thereof uponthe other, operates'to bring the steam-jet openings in said sections atoneangle of. direction into coincidence, and at the same time cut offthe steam-jet openings in said sections at the opposite angle ofdirection, and means for moving one section of said chamber inner Wallsupon the other, substantially as set forth.

6. In an elastic-fluid turbine-engine of substantially the characterdescribed, a series of chamber inner Walls having diagonal steamjetopenings alternately at angles of direction in opposition to each other,said inner Walls consisting substantially of annular sections secured inthe engine-shell and annular sections superimposed and rotatable uponsaid fixed sections, said fixed sections having diagonal steam-jetopenings alternately at opposing angles of direction, and said rotatablesections also having diagonal steam-jet openings alternately at opposingangles of direction, and means for rotating said movable sections uponsaid fixed sections, whereby the steam-jet openings at one angle ofdirection may be brought into coincidence and at the same time thesteam-jet openings at the opposite angle of direction may be cut off,substantially as set forth.

7. In an elastic-fluid turbine-engine of substantially the characterdescribed, a series of chamber inner walls having diagonal steamjetopenings therein at angles of direction alternately in opposition toeach other, said inner chamber-Walls consisting substantially of annularfixed sections and movable sections mounted thereon, the steam-jetopenings in which sections are so arranged with relation to each otherthat the movable sections can be rotated upon the fixed sections so asto bring the steam-jet openings at one angle of direction therein, into,coincidence and at the same time eut off the steam-jet openings at theopposite angle of direction therein, and means for simultaneouslyrotating the movable sections of all the chamber inner Walls of theengine, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination in an elastic-fluid turbine-engine of substantiallythe character described, of a series of Walls secured in theengine-shell so as to form sections of the inner Walls of a series ofannular chambers in the engine-sh ell said fixed wall-sections beingprovided ivith diagonal steam-jet openings alternately at angles ofdirection in opposition to IOO IIO

each other, movable walls forming the other sections of Said Wallsmounted and rotatable direction, and cut off the steam-jet openingstherein of the other angle of direction, and mechanism engaging saidmovable Sections whereby they can be simultaneously rotated,substantial] y as set forth.

ln testimony whereofl I affix my Signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN C. STURGEON.

Witnesses:

H. M. STURGEON, G. J. MEAD.

